世纪收藏网：钱币中的宝石-熙宁重宝

古代钱币指退出流通领域的历史货币，中国历史上用做交换的媒介。时间从商朝到中华民国时期，上下四千年，包括贝、玉、石、金、银、铜、铁、铅、锡、以及麻布、棉布等不同材质，从贝币到银元，铜圆，以方孔圆钱为主要货币形态。

Ancient coins refer to historical currencies that withdrew from circulation and were used as a medium of exchange in Chinese history. From the Shang dynasty to the Republic of China period, it took 4,000 years, including Bei, Yu, Shi, Jin, yin, Cu, tie, Pb, sn, linen, cotton and other different materials, ranging from Bei to yin yuan, copper yuan, with square hole round money as the main currency form.

熙宁重宝是北宋的铜钱，为宋神宗（1068年）时期铸造的。按大小可分为小平（较五角硬币稍大）、折二（较一元硬币稍大）、折三，其中折二折三又分别有隶书、篆书之分，共五种。

Xi ning chong Bao was a copper coin from the northern song dynasty and was forged during the period of Song Shenzong ( 1068 ). According to their size, they can be divided into four categories: Xiaoping ( slightly larger than the Pentagon coin ), folding two ( slightly larger than the dollar coin ) and folding three. among them, folding twenty-three is divided into official script and seal script respectively, with a total of five categories.

熙宁四年（公元1071年）铸“熙宁重宝”当十钱，这是为经略西北边陲所出，后来不断减重，以致于此钱版式较多。到熙宁六年时（公元1073年）改为折三使用，后又改为折二，从此每年发行折二钱。此外还有“熙宁重宝”铁钱，有小平、当五两种，钱文楷书旋读。熙宁小平钱中有背文记监的。

Xining four years ( ad 1071 ) cast " Xining treasure" as ten dollars, which was given by the northwest frontier, and then lost weight continuously, so that the format of the money was more. By the time Xining was six years old ( ad 1073 ), it was changed to be converted into 3 - fold usage and then to 2 - fold usage. since then, it has issued 2 - fold money every year. In addition, there are also " Xi ning chong Bao" iron coins, including Deng Xiaoping and dang Wu. Qian Wen's regular script is read in rotation. Xi ning Xiao ping has a supervisor who memorizes the articles in his pocket.

折叠按大小可分为小平（较五角硬币稍大）、折二（较一元硬币稍大）、折三，其中折二折三又分别有隶书、篆书之分，共五种。其中折二最为普通。这几种铜钱都是普通品种。熙宁重宝（繁体）有五种，铜制，光背。大小分为小平（较五角硬币稍大）、折二（较一元硬币稍大）、折三，其中折二折三又分别有隶书、篆书之分，其篆书品又分长冠与短冠，其中长冠钱比短冠钱少。

Folding can be divided into small flat ( slightly larger than a Pentagon coin ), folding two ( slightly larger than a dollar coin ) and folding three. among them, folding twenty-three is divided into official script and seal script respectively, with a total of five types. Among them, fold 2 is the most common. These copper coins are all common varieties. Xi ning chong Bao ( traditional ) has five kinds, made of copper and bare - backed. The size is divided into Xiaoping ( slightly larger than the Pentagon coin ), folding 2 ( slightly larger than the dollar coin ) and folding 3. among them, folding 2 and folding 3 are respectively divided into official script and seal script. the seal script is divided into long crown and short crown. the long crown is less than the short crown.

据《宋史•食货志》载：熙宁“四年，陕西转运副使皮公弼奏：‘自行当二钱，铜费相当，盗铸衰息，请以旧铜铅尽铸’。诏听之，自是折二钱遂行天下”。按：在熙宁年号行用钱定制中，有元宝、重宝、通宝三种称谓。元宝为小平钱，面文分真、篆、行、隶四种书体；重宝为折二铜钱，面文分真、篆、隶三种书体；通宝为折二铁钱，面文为真书，其铜者多为铁母或试范钱。是品“熙宁通宝”铜质折二大钱，薄肉，直径3.18厘米，重6.5克，书体为隶楷相间，风格气息近似于是重宝隶书类；从形制上看，其背错范移位，非标准规制，显然是流通行用钱，而非铁母类。从重量上看，其明显偏轻，有边炉和私铸之可能，惟钱文尚精湛。是钱同版者现已三见，足以补谱录轶缺。

According to the annals of food and goods in the history of song dynasty, Xi ning " in four years, pi Gongbi, the deputy envoy of Shaanxi province, played:" when you own two coins, the copper cost is equal, and if you steal the casting and lose interest, please use the old copper and lead to make the best of it. " A letter to listen to it, naturally fold two money then walk all over the world ". Press: there are three appellations of yuanbao, chongbao and tongbao in the customization of money for Xi ning nianhao. Yuanbao is a small flat coin. the facial script is divided into four styles: genuine, seal, line and transferred. The important treasure is to fold two copper coins, and the facial writing can be divided into three styles: genuine, seal and transferred. Tongbao is a book with two iron coins folded, while the face paper is a genuine book. most of its copper coins are either iron mothers or model money. It is made of " Xining tongbao" copper with 20 large coins, thin meat, 3.18 centimeters in diameter and 6.5 grams in weight. the style of the book is similar to that of the official script of chongbao. From the aspect of form, its deviation from the norm and non-standard regulation are obviously money used by circulation banks, not iron mothers. Judging from its weight, it is obviously lighter, with the possibility of sideburns and private casting, but Qian Wen is still exquisite. It is the same version of money that has now been seen three times, which is enough to fill the gap between the notes and records.

目前就有一枚熙宁重宝展现在国内知名艺术网-世纪收藏网。此枚北宋“熙宁重宝”，圆形方孔，色泽自然、开口规整，文字与图案自然细腻，深浅合适。再看钱币的反面，除了颜色与正面类似之外，其它图案与正面则呈现出截然不同的形态。乍一看，钱币的反面几乎是没有图案，然而，正是这种没有图形和字迹进行修饰和刻意点缀的钱币反而呈现出最原生态的外貌特征。铜钱是把宝之一，象征富贵，辟邪。此枚钱币虽经历了无穷岁月，但纹路依然清晰可见，上面的锈迹也见证了其历史的积淀，具有非常明显的历史过渡性特征。

 At present, there is a Xining treasure displayed in the well-known domestic art network - century collection network. This northern song dynasty " Xining treasure" has a round square hole with natural color, neat opening, natural and exquisite characters and patterns, and suitable depth. Looking at the reverse side of the coin, except the color is similar to that of the front side, other patterns and the front side take on completely different forms. At first glance, there is almost no pattern on the reverse side of the coin. however, it is this coin that is not decorated and deliberately decorated with figures and handwriting that shows the most original appearance characteristics. Copper coin is one of the treasures, a symbol of riches and honour, to ward off evil spirits. Although this coin has gone through endless years, the grain is still clearly visible. the rust on it also witnessed the accumulation of its history.